Reasoning: Word Analogy (Verbal Logic)

📅 Date: 17 December 2025 (Wednesday)

“Decoding the Hidden Relationship”

Analogy literally means "Correspondence" or "Similarity." In this section, you are given a pair of words that share a specific, logical connection. Your task is to identify this underlying logic and apply it to a second pair to find the missing word.

This topic doesn't just test your reasoning; it tests your vocabulary, general knowledge, and common sense simultaneously.

1. The "Bridge Sentence" Technique

Most students make the mistake of guessing based on what "sounds good." To crack this comfortably, use the Mentor's secret method.

        ⚡ Strategy: The Bridge Sentence

        1. Create a Sentence: Define the relationship between the first two words.

        2. Replace & Check: Put the new words in that sentence to see if it makes sense.

        Example: Mason : Wall

        Sentence: "A Mason builds a Wall."

        Apply: "A Carpenter builds Furniture." (Correct)

2. Detailed Breakdown of Analogy Types

A. Tool & Action (Functionality)

Focus: What is the specific function of the object?

Gun : Shoot — Primary function is to shoot.
Oar : Row — Important: An oar is specifically used to row a boat.
Shield : Guard — Used for protection.
Auger : Bore — Used to drill holes (High difficulty vocabulary).

B. Worker & Product (Creation)

Focus: Who creates the object?

Poet : Poem — A poet writes a poem.
Cobbler : Shoes — A cobbler makes/repairs shoes.
Architect : Design — An architect produces a design/blueprint.

C. Intensity Relationships (Magnitude)

Focus: Small vs. Big / Mild vs. Extreme.

Refuse : Deny — Deny is stronger; it implies a firm rejection.
Speak : Shout — Shouting is speaking with high volume/intensity.
Error : Blunder — A 'Blunder' is a careless or stupid mistake.
Warm : Hot — Hot is a higher intensity of warm.

D. Part & Whole Relationships

Pencil : Lead — Lead is the core writing part.
Class : Student — A class comprises many students.
Book : Chapter — A book is divided into chapters.

E. Finished Product & Raw Material

Focus: Transformation and Origin.

Butter : Milk — Butter is churned from milk.
Paper : Pulp — Paper is manufactured from wood pulp.
Fabric : Yarn — Fabric is woven from yarn.

3. Advanced Categories (High-Probability Areas)

These often appear in exams to test your General Knowledge alongside your reasoning.

        📚 Quick Reference Lists:
        Instruments: Thermometer (Temperature), Barometer (Pressure), Odometer (Distance).
Study (-logy): Botany (Plants), Ornithology (Birds), Entomology (Insects).
Groups: Cattle (Herd), Soldiers (Army), Fish (Shoal/School).

    

4. Assessment: Previous Years' Questions (PYQ)

Attempt these honestly before checking the explanation.

Q1. Candle : Wax :: Paper : ?
A) Wood | B) Tree | C) Bamboo | D) Pulp
Answer: D) Pulp (Direct raw material in factory process).

Q2. Doctor : Stethoscope :: Sculptor : ?
A) Anvil | B) Chopper | C) Chisel | D) Trowel
Answer: C) Chisel (Tool used to carve).

Q3. Good : Bad :: Roof : ?
A) Window | B) Floor | C) Walls | D) Pillars
Answer: B) Floor (Antonym/Position: Highest vs Lowest).

Q4. Botany : Plants :: Entomology : ?
Answer: B) Insects (Scientific Study).

Q5. Anger : Rage :: Moist : ?
Answer: C) Drench (Intensity: Extreme wetness).

Q6. Lion : Den :: Rabbit : ?
Answer: C) Burrow (Dwelling place).

Q7. Safe : Secure :: Protect : ?
Answer: B) Guard (Synonym).

Mentor’s Final Tip: Order matters! "Shoe : Leather" is NOT the same as "Leather : Shoe". If the question is Product : Raw Material, your answer must follow the same sequence.